{"id":672723,"date":"2026-03-25T15:08:14","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T07:08:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/law.asia\/?p=672723"},"modified":"2026-03-31T15:04:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T07:04:39","slug":"philippine-labour-law-avoiding-illegal-dismissal-liability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/law.asia\/ko\/philippine-labour-law-avoiding-illegal-dismissal-liability\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ud574\uace0: \ubd88\ubc95 \ud574\uace0 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ud53c\ud558\ub294 \ubc95"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"vantage-grey\"><em><strong>\uc801\ubc95\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ubc95\uc801 \uad6c\uc131\uacfc \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \ubbf8\ud761\ud558\uba74 \ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ub178\ub3d9\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ub178\ub3d9\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \ud574\uace0 \uacb0\uc815\uc740 \uc885\uc885 \uc5ed\uc124\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704, \uc800\uc131\uacfc \ub610\ub294 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud574 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud588\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ubd88\ubc95 \ud574\uace0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud558\uac8c \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \u2018\uc65c\u2019 \ud574\uace0\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uadf8 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ud558\uace0, \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ud558\uba70, \uc2e4\ud589\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uad8c\ud55c \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud558\uac8c \ud589\uc0ac\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc601\uc5ed\uc774\ub2e4. \uc704\ubc95 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ubd80\uc7ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ub418\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294, \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720, \uc81c\ucd9c\ub41c \uc99d\uac70, \uc900\uc218\ub41c \uc808\ucc28 \uac04\uc758 \ubd88\uc77c\uce58\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720 \ub610\ub294 \ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud574\ub2f9 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95\uc774 \ub418\uba70 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \ubcf5\uc9c1\uacfc \uc784\uae08 \uc18c\uae09 \uc9c0\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74, \uc720\ud6a8\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc900\uc218\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \uc790\uccb4\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uac8c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc758 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ubd80\ub2f4\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uccb4\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub0b4\ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc740 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\ubc29\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989, \ud574\uace0 \uacb0\uc815\uc774 \uc2e4\ud589\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4 \ubc29\uc5b4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc2e4\ud589 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0 \ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc18d \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc801\uc808\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc120\ud0dd<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_669997\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-669997\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img class=\"size-full wp-image-669997\" src=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rashel-Ann-Pomoy-VA-Law.jpg\" alt=\"Rashel Ann Pomoy, V&amp;A Law\" width=\"200\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-669997\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Rashel Ann POMOY<\/strong><br \/>\uc2dc\ub2c8\uc5b4 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108 \ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac<br \/>V&amp;A Law<br \/>\ub9c8\ub2d0\ub77c<br \/>\uc774\uba54\uc77c: <a href=\"mailto:rc.pomoy@thefirmva.com\">rc.pomoy@thefirmva.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \uacb0\ud568\uc740 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ubc95\uc801 \uc131\uaca9\uc744 \uc798\ubabb \uaddc\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c\ub294 \uc131\uacfc \ubd80\uc871, \uc778\uc6d0 \uac10\ucd95, \uc870\uc9c1 \uac1c\ud3b8\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\uc784\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uac70\ub098, \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801 \ud589\uc704 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc6d0\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ub9ce\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc624\ubd84\ub958\ub294 \uc885\uc885 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ucd08\ub798\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac01 \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc95\uc801 \uc694\uac74\uacfc \uc785\uc99d \uae30\uc900\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uadc0\ucc45\uc0ac\uc720 \uc785\uc99d\uacfc \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28 \uc900\uc218\ub97c \ud544\uc694\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ubc18\uba74, \ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\uc720\ub294 \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \ud544\uc694\uc131, \uc120\uc758, \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc120\uc815 \uae30\uc900, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790 \ubc0f \ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ub178\ub3d9\uace0\uc6a9\ubd80(DOLE)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud310\ub840\ub294 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uad6c\uc18d\ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf8\ub2e4. \ud574\uace0\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub41c \uac83\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc95\uc801 \uadfc\uac70\ub85c \uc815\ub2f9\ud654\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc81c\ucd9c\ub41c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc720\ub97c \uc9c0\uc9c0\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc801\uc6a9\ub41c \uc0ac\uc720\uc640 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \ubd84\ub958\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc0ac\uc804 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ud574\uace0 \uc808\ucc28 \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec \uc694\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc18c\uba85 \uc694\uad6c \ud1b5\uc9c0\uc758 \uad6c\uccb4\uc131 \uc694\uac74<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\uc18c\uba85 \uc694\uad6c \ud1b5\uc9c0(NTE)\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28 \ubcf4\uc7a5 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 <em>King of Kings Transport, Inc v Mamac (2007\ub144 6\uc6d4 29\uc77c) \ud310\uacb0<\/em>\uc5d0\uc11c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc81c\uc2dc\ub410\uc73c\uba70, \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\ubb38\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \ud589\uc704 \ub610\ub294 \ubd80\uc791\uc704\ub97c \ud2b9\uc815\ud560 \uac83; \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0<\/li>\n<li>\ud610\uc758\uc758 \uadfc\uac70\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\uc640 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc11c\uc220\ud560 \uac83.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\uc774 \uae30\uc900\uc740 \uacb0\ub860\ub9cc \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\ub098 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc778\uc815\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \u201c\uc2e0\ub8b0 \uc0c1\uc2e4\u201d, \u201c\ube44\uc704\ud589\uc704\u201d, \u201c\uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18\u201d\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ub3c4 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc124\uba85\uc774 \uc218\ubc18\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \ub300\uc751\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc0ac\uc548\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uba70, \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc18c\uba85 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubc15\ud0c8\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ucd5c\uadfc \ud310\ub840\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uad6c\uccb4\ud654\ud588\ub2e4. <em>Rustan Commercial Corporation v Raysag(2021<\/em><em>\ub144 5\uc6d4 12\uc77c) \uc0ac\uac74<\/em>\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ubd88\uc77c\uce58 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc744 \uc54c\ub9ac\uace0 \ud574\uba85\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\uc784\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ubc1d\ud788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \ucda9\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\uc2dc\ud588\ub2e4. \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud574\ub2f9 \ud610\uc758\uc758 \uc911\ub300\uc131\uacfc \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uc778\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc911\uc2ec\uc801\uc774\uba74\uc11c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc778\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ud1b5\uc9c0\uac00 \ubbf8\ud761\ud558\uba74 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uba85\ubaa9\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc758\uacac \uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_670001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-670001\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img class=\"wp-image-670001 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Paolo-Miguel-Consignado-VA-Law.jpg\" alt=\"Paolo Miguel Consignado, V&amp;A Law\" width=\"200\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-670001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Paolo Miguel CONSIGNADO<\/strong><br \/>\uc2dc\ub2c8\uc5b4 \uc18c\uc18d \ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac<br \/>V&amp;A Law<br \/>\ub9c8\ub2d0\ub77c<br \/>\uc774\uba54\uc77c: pm.consignado@thefirmva.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc758\ubbf8 \uc788\ub294 \uc758\uacac \uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \uc694\uac74 \ucda9\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><em>Perez v Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company (2009\ub144 4\uc6d4 7\uc77c) <\/em>\ud310\uacb0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud574\uace0 \uc808\ucc28\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uacf5\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uccad\ubb38 \uc808\ucc28\uac00 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uace0 \ubc1d\ud614\ub2e4. \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc758\uacac \uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc81c\uacf5\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc11c\uba74 \uc81c\ucd9c \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\uc871\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ub2e4\ub9cc \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uacf5\uc2dd \uccad\ubb38\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\ub2e4:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uccad\ubb38\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0;<\/li>\n<li>\uc8fc\uc694 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ub2e4\ud23c\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0;<\/li>\n<li>\ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uae30\uc220\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubb38\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0;<\/li>\n<li>\ud68c\uc0ac \uaddc\uc815 \ub610\ub294 \uad00\ud589\uc0c1 \uccad\ubb38\uc774 \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\uc774 \uc678\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uac00 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ubc29\uc5b4\ud560 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ubd80\uc5ec\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\uba74 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\ub294 \ucda9\uc871\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub610\ud55c \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ub2f5\ubcc0 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. <em>Villanueva v Ganco Resort and Recreation, Inc (2020<\/em><em>\ub144 1\uc6d4 8\uc77c) \uc0ac\uac74<\/em>\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 24\uc2dc\uac04 \ub0b4 \ud574\uba85 \uc694\uad6c\ub294 \ubd88\ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud558\uba70, \ud1b5\uc0c1 \ucd5c\uc18c 5\uc77c \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uae30\uac04\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd24\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubc18\ub300\ub85c, \uacfc\ub3c4\ud558\uac8c \uc9e7\uc740 \uae30\ud55c \uc124\uc815, \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5f0\uc7a5 \uc694\uccad \uac70\ubd80, \ud615\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc808\ucc28 \uc9c4\ud589 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub41c\ub2e4. <em>Perez<\/em> \ud310\uacb0\uc774 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub4ef, \uc758\uacac \uc9c4\uc220 \uae30\ud68c\ub294 \ud615\uc2dd\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc774\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc808\ucc28 \uc704\ubc18\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud574\uace0 \ubb34\ud6a8\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uba85\ubaa9\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub294 \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud55c\ub2e4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_670005\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-670005\" style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img class=\"wp-image-670005 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Edgardo-Paras-III-VA-Law.jpg\" alt=\"Edgardo Paras III, V&amp;A Law\" width=\"200\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-670005\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Edgardo PARAS III<\/strong><br \/>\uc8fc\ub2c8\uc5b4 \uc18c\uc18d \ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac<br \/>V&amp;A Law<br \/>\ub9c8\ub2d0\ub77c<br \/>\uc774\uba54\uc77c: <a href=\"mailto:ep.paras@thefirmva.com\">ep.paras@thefirmva.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\ub178\ub3d9 \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc694\uad6c\ub418\ub294 \uc99d\uba85 \uc218\uc900\uc740 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c, \uc774\ub294 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uacb0\ub860\uc744 \uc815\ub2f9\ud654\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc778\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uad00\ub828 \uc99d\uac70\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud615\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801 \uc758\uc2ec \uc5c6\ub294 \uc99d\uba85\uc774\ub098 \ubbfc\uc0ac \uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \uc6b0\uc6d4\ud55c \uac1c\uc5f0\uc131\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub0ae\uc740 \uae30\uc900\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc704\ubc18 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \uc785\uc99d\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><em>St Luke\u2019s Medical Centre Inc v Sanchez (2015\ub144 3\uc6d4 11\uc77c) \uc0ac\uac74<\/em>\uc5d0\uc11c \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \ud569\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \ud68c\uc0ac \uaddc\uc815 \uc704\ubc18\uc774 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc785\uc99d\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc815\ub2f9\ud654\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\uc2dc\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud2b9\ud788 \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc758 \uc790\ubc31\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\uba70, \uc9c1\uc811 \uc99d\uac70\ub4e0 \uac04\uc811 \uc99d\uac70\ub4e0 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uacfc \uc77c\uad00\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\ub9cc \ube44\uc704 \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \ucd94\uce21\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc785\uc99d\ub41c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \uc785\uc99d \ucc45\uc784\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70 \uae30\uc900\uc740 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\ube44\uad50\uc801 \uc644\ud654\ub41c \uc99d\uba85 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub294 \uc870\uc0ac \ubc0f \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\uc758 \ubbf8\ube44\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ucda9\uc871\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \ube48\ubc88\ud558\ub2e4. \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c\ub294 \uc804\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc11c\uba85\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc9c4\uc220\uc11c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc774\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud560 \ubb38\uc11c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud68c\uc0ac \uaddc\uc815\uc774 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac70\ub098 \uc120\ud0dd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc801 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub610\ud55c \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uace0 \uacf5\uc815\ud55c \uc870\uc0ac\uac00 \uc644\ub8cc\ub418\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc9d5\uacc4 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub978\ubc14 \uc131\uae09\ud55c \ud574\uace0 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc57c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc870\uce58\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ud6fc\uc190\ud558\uace0, \uacb0\ub860\uc774 \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc815\ud574\uc838 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc778\uc0c1\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub178\ub3d9\uc790 \ubcf4\ud638\ub77c\ub294 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc801 \uc6d0\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \ud310\ub2e8 \uae30\uad00\uc740 \uc99d\uac70\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ud638\ud568\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc774\ub97c \uadfc\ub85c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc720\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ud574\uc11d\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774 \ubd88\uc644\uc804\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc77c\uad00\ub418\uac8c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub354\uc6b1 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uc808\ucc28\uc0c1 \ud558\uc790\ub294 \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ubd88\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e0\ub2e4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\ubc95\ub9ac\uc801 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4, \ucd5c\uadfc \ud310\ub840\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ucd08\ub798\ud558\ub294 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uc808\ucc28\uc0c1 \ud558\uc790\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uccab\uc9f8, \ud574\uace0\uac00 \uc2e4\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ub2f9\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc900\uc218\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uba85\ubaa9\uc0c1 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba70, \uadf8 \uae08\uc561\uc740 \ud1b5\uc0c1 30,000\ud398\uc18c(\uc57d 500\ub2ec\ub7ec)\uc5d0\uc11c 50,000\ud398\uc18c \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 <em>Rustan<\/em> \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc778\ub41c \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub458\uc9f8, \ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720(\uc608: \uc778\uc6d0 \uac10\ucd95)\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ubc95\uc815 \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc694\uac74\uc744 \uc5c4\uaca9\ud788 \uc900\uc218\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. <em>Ocean East Agency Corporation v Lopez(2015<\/em><em>\ub144 10\uc6d4 14\uc77c) \uc0ac\uac74<\/em>\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 DOLE\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud1b5\uc9c0\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \uc808\ucc28\uc0c1 \ud558\uc790\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud310\uc2dc\ud588\uace0, \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ud574\ub2f9 \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\uc561 \uc784\uae08 \uc18c\uae09 \uc9c0\uae09 \ubc0f \uac01\uc885 \uae09\uc5ec\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \uc778\uc815\ub410\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc2e4\ubb34\uc801 \uc0ac\uc815\uc744 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \uc0dd\ub7b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud310\ub840\ub4e4\uc740 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc810\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc95\uc815 \uc694\uac74\uc758 \uc900\uc218\ub294 \ubd80\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud56d\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ud574\uace0\uc758 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc744 \uc88c\uc6b0\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc801 \uc694\uc18c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\uaddc\uc728\ub41c \ud574\uace0\ub294 \ubd88\ubc95 \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\ud310\ub840\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc740 \uc77c\uad00\ub41c\ub2e4. \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \ud574\uace0 \uc0ac\uc720\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud574\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ubc95\uc801 \uad6c\uc131, \uc99d\uac70\uc758 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68, \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc774\ud589 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc815\ud569\uc131\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub0b4\ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac\ub294 \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \ud575\uc2ec \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud1b5\uc81c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud55c\ub2e4: \ubc95\uc801 \ubd84\ub958, \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc131, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc99d\uac70\uc758 \ucda9\ubd84\uc131\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc95\uc801 \ubd84\ub958\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \uadfc\uac70\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc808\ucc28\uc801 \uc801\ubc95\uc131\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 <em>King of Kings<\/em> \uc0ac\uac74\uacfc <em>Rustan<\/em> \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uc2dc\ub41c \ud1b5\uc9c0 \uae30\uc900\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc5ec \uc801\ubc95\uc808\ucc28\ub97c \uc5c4\uaca9\ud788 \uc900\uc218\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc99d\uac70\uc758 \ucda9\ubd84\uc131\uc740 \uac01 \ud610\uc758\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud574\uc57c \ud568\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac1c\uc785\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574, \uc0ac\ub0b4\ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac\ub294 \ud574\uace0\ub97c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uacbd\uc601\uc0c1 \uc7ac\ub7c9 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc801 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ub97c \uacac\ub51c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uaddc\uc728\ub41c \ubc95\uc801 \uc808\ucc28\ub85c \uc804\ud658\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4. \ud544\ub9ac\ud540 \ub178\ub3d9 \uc2e4\ubb34\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc608\ubc29\uc801 \uc811\uadfc\uc740 \ubd88\ubc95 \ud574\uace0 \ud310\ub2e8\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \uc774\uc5d0 \uc218\ubc18\ub418\ub294 \ubcf5\uc9c1, \uc784\uae08 \uc18c\uae09 \uc9c0\uae09, \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ubc0f \uc870\uc9c1 \uc6b4\uc601\uc0c1\uc758 \ud63c\ub780\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ucc45\uc784\uc744 \ud53c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"vantage-orange\"><strong>\ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\uc2e4\ubb34\uc5d0\uc11c \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud574\uace0\ud560 \uc815\ub2f9\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc7c1\uc810\uc740 \uadf8 \uc774\uc720\uac00 \ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc801\uc808\ud788 \uad6c\uc131\ub410\ub294\uc9c0, \uc808\ucc28\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc2e4\ud589\ub410\ub294\uc9c0, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ub410\ub294\uc9c0\uc774\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uc0ac\uac74\uc740 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \uc9c0\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2b9\ud328\uac00 \uac08\ub9b0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<section class=\"format-info\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-266600\" src=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/villaraza-angangco-logo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"380\" height=\"108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/villaraza-angangco-logo.jpg 526w, https:\/\/law.asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/villaraza-angangco-logo-300x86.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>VILLARAZA AND ANGANGCO<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/law.asia\/law-firm\/villaraza-angangco\/\">V&amp;A Law<\/a> Center<br \/>\n11th Avenue corner 39th Street<br \/>\nBonifacio Global City 1634<br 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